Exponential decay

A lot of processes follow some kind of decay curve. Some of them are annoying.

I hurt my knee on November 5 while out in the Zion Canyon Narrows. I was jumping off a ledge about 4 feet high and landed on some uneven ground. All my weight shifted onto my right leg, which was awkwardly tilted and my knee buckled inwards. It actually felt more like the lower half dislocated and shifted inwards and then popped back in place. I somehow executed a very stylish roll onto my right side and even managed to keep the $3000 of camera gear in my right hand off the ground. To those watching, it probably just looked like I collapsed in a heap.

Needless to say, it hurt. I'd never felt my knee do anything like that before so I wasn't initially sure what shape it was in. I tried a variety of motions to test its strength (while having to take the time to tell the random people nearby asking me how I was doing that I wasn't sure yet) and it actually seemed ok until I tried to take a few more steps and it buckled again. Fearing the worst and lacking any medical insight, I decided that I might have torn an ACL. I figured out later that I probably just sprained an MCL (a much less serious injury) and got confirmation of that a few days after when I finally got home and saw a doctor.

The particularly interesting part of all this is the recovery arc, which I'll break down in a log format.

November 5

10:30am: Initial injury.

10:32am: Pain is mostly gone, knee is highly unstable while trying to walk in a rocky river or even on a relatively smooth beach. I'm still not entirely certain how limited I am.

10:45am: I've decided I can't continue upwards with the hike and basically haven't moved.

11:00am: I've decided I need to just work my way back down the river and give myself as much time as I might need. Greg offers to go back with me, which was actually really helpful. Thanks Greg!

12:00pm: Greg had to catch up to the rest of the group to let them know he was turning back. I spent the hour just standing around trying to figure out how I could best walk without exacerbating the injury. By now it was clear that I was stable front-back and on the outside of my knee, but not on the inside. I figured out that I could shuffle to the right and thus keep the weight off the inside of my knee.

2:00pm: We made it out of the river. The hike back was really annoyingly slow. I basically spent the entire ~2 miles bracing on my hiking pole in a preemptive posture. I had to adapt my right-shuffle to river crossings. When crossing left-to-right it worked fine, but right-to-left I actually would turn around and face up-river. I had lots of little tweaks on the knee. The slightest misstep would cause it to wobble. Once we got out of the river, we were back on relatively flat paved ground.

2:30pm: We covered the 3/4 miles or so to the bus stop. I was actually able to walk pretty ok, without the stick. I decided to try it just because it was so damn slow ... and it worked!

3:30pm: We've ridden the shuttle to the visitor center to find that the shuttle back to town wasn't running. Queue another 3/4 miles of walking. That also went ok.

At this point I went to the medical center which was closed, but self-diagnosed that I wasn't as badly hurt as I initially expected. A trip to the grocery store yielded a wrap and brace, which helped a lot.

November 6

Another day in Zion, this time with an off-road hike portion. I managed to scramble around for that with a couple tweaks. My knee didn't feel any more stable, but the brace helped. I'd also learned how to better compensate as well.

November 7

My brace wasn't compatible with jeans so I didn't wear it. Most of the day was spent sitting or driving, until we got to Las Vegas. That evening, however, I did walk around a fair bit without the brace though I was protecting the knee still and not going full speed.

November 10

I get my official diagnosis, twice. The doctor gave me a full immobilizing brace to wear in the morning. I felt much better wearing it to walk over to the health center later for my PT appointment. My PT then tells me not to wear it and puts me through 30 minutes of workouts, stressing the muscles around the knee. I still put the big brace back on to walk back to my office, but leave it off after taking it off to drive home.

November 11

I go to work without a brace. Tatiana questions my judgement, but I cite the PT. I'm able to get around on level ground pretty well, but still completely avoid the stairs.

November 12

I do my PT workout in the garage and feel confident enough to go up and down stairs normally, but still slowly.

November 13

I actually feel quite good. I did some stationary biking at the gym and I'm walking full speed on level ground and up and down stairs without holding the railing. I haven't tweaked the knee in a couple days at this point which implies the strength is coming back. Interestingly it's more sore/stiff than before, it almost seems like the swelling could be as much or more as in the early going.

The next markers will be when I feel like I can walk on uneven terrain, run and twist. I predict most of these within the week. I also predict the stiffness and soreness will last for about 4-6 weeks. I guess my big question is: if the initial recovery seems so rapid, why is there such a long tail to the whole healing process?

Updates

November 17
I'm walking pretty comfortably now and worrying less about slips and stuff.
The swelling is subsiding.

November 19
I was finally able to squat all the way down, but still with some pain. Before that, I couldn't get through the pain when my leg was fully bent.  I'm also starting to test a light jogging step.

November 26
All this limping around caused an old hip strain to flare up with a vengeance.
Note: finally around Jan 9 it's starting to come under control. I've had to dig up all my old hip PT and work through it like a madman.

December 1
My PT decided to "push me" and see how I responded. I was able to do a number of more things than I thought I could, including even lateral movements over a low exercise dome. Unfortunately on the 2nd set I collapsed again, feeling the same pain I felt during the original injury. I was painful and a little limpy again for a day or two. I was able to walk the same as before, but there seemed to be more damage than before.

December 19
At my PT's recommendation I've scheduled an MRI. Using a Lachmann test, he was still unable to definitively feel my ACL. Two other PTs at the office were also unsure about the state of my knee. He also recommended some surgeons in case I needed them.

December 28
Went in for my MRI. The machine is loud. I received earplugs and headphones. The overall process is about 15 minutes, and about 15 minutes overhead for checkin, switching into MRI pants, paperwork.

December 29
I received a call from the tech that the doctor saw a tear in the ACL, so I needed to schedule a consult with an ortho surgeon. I called immediately and got an appointment for a week out.

January 2
Submitted an appointment request for a consult with Neil Roberts (USWNT team doctor).

January 5
I had a consult with Vincent Santoro. Overall impression of him was good, he didn't feel rushed and engaged me in solid conversation, answered all my questions, told me roughly what to expect. The tricky thing at this point is the scheduled trip to Hawaii (Feb 11-20). He did tell me that there was no immediate rush to get the surgery done with the caveat that I am more fragile until I get it. In other words I need to be careful like I've been thus far. I also heard back from Roberts' office and scheduled a consult with him for Jan 12.

January 6
Talked with Bryan who had his ACL done (almost 10 years ago). He called out that 4 weeks post surgery "walking across Key Arena was intense". This made me realize I had not been clear with Santoro about what I wanted to be able to do in Hawaii and I needed to clarify. We also hadn't actually discussed the graft details.

January 9
Called Santoro to cover extra questions. I decided that "can walk 1-2 miles on pavement and half a mile on a beach" were good estimations of the activity levels I wanted to be able to do. He told me no way, we'll do the surgery after Hawaii. He said at about 4 weeks out the graft is still too fragile and can get torn out inadvertently. We also talked about the graft. He recommends an allograft, explaining that they had gotten a bad rep because they used to be sterilized via irradiation (which weakened them). His supplier uses a chemical sterilization process which leaves them much more intact. The downside is the full healing timeline is closer to a year instead of 6 months with a patellar tendon. He didn't recommend the hamstring option, though he volunteered that he had a bias against them because he had two of them fail in his own knees.

The upside of delaying surgery is that I'll be predictably functional in Hawaii and I can spend the next 5-6 weeks rehabbing my hip in preparation for being limpy again post-surgery. If I get the surgery done right after I return from Hawaii, I'll have 9 weeks before Yellowstone. I still need to decide on allograft vs patellar tendon.

January 12
Consult with Neil Roberts. He's super thorough about details, explanations, etc. Left a very good impression. He also recommended an allograft as the top option. Also agreed that before Hawaii is too soon.

January 14
Went hardcore on hip and knee PT and working out in general. I added squats and deadlifts (with small weights, lots of reps) into the routine and that has helped a ton. As a result my hip is noticeably better. The weakness/issues seem tied to the state of my hamstrings. I'm no longer getting numbness down my leg when I sit, which is great. I can tell it's still not at 100%, but based on the previous injury I wouldn't be surprised if end-to-end healing was closer to 2 months (from late November, at the earliest). I do feel like I'm out of the woods though.

January 19
Scheduled surgery with Roberts on Feb 24, using an allograft. Until then I'll just do my PT, keep my hip strain in good shape and enjoy Hawaii.

The sky is falling

No, seriously. While Trumpers are out in force saying nice things like "we should be united" and "give him a chance, he might surprise you" (of course, now they say that, while they were saying the exact opposite before he was elected), some serious scary horrible awful stuff is happening. Trump has released his First 100 Days plan; it's mostly hot air or seriously flawed. Specific names are emerging as potential members of his cabinet. I'm just going to have an ongoing list here, because I'm sure it's going to get worse every day.

Secretary of Education - Ben Carson
Umm. This is a guy who believes in a Young Earth Creationism and was adamant he knew better than all the Indiana Joneses what pyramids were for. Cuz obviously it was to store their grain.

Secretary of Homeland Security - Joe Arpaio
Arpaio's largest claim to fame was his absolute embrace of the Obama birther myth, to the degree that he commissioned his own investigation into the issue. Being an Arizona sheriff doesn't mean he has border experience either, Maricopa county is a good 100 miles and one large city away from Mexico.

Secretary of Homeland Security - Chris Christie
Another bully, currently embroiled in his own bridge closing scandal.

Head of the EPA - Myron Ebell
Never heard of him? Me neither. But he has no scientific education, denies climate change and was a key figure in favor of big tobacco's message of "safer cigarettes" in the 90s. Interestingly he believes climate change is an EU hoax, which stands are serious odds of Trump's claims that it's a Chinese hoax. Come on guys, who was it?

Director of Strategy - Steve Bannon
He was also the CEO of the Trump campaign, and before that he was the director/mastermind of Breitbart. Breitbart is the de facto media of the alt-right movement. Facts? Naw. Unsubstantiated claims? Hell yeah! Finger pointing at imaginary scapegoats? Got it. And so on. According to many, he's also an unabashed white supremacist.

Chief of Staff - Reince Preibus
I don't have a good sense of him, but he did drive the RNC process this year, including threatening to cut off debates he didn't like.

Secretary of Commerce - Mike Huckabee
Another loyalist.

Something - Sarah Palin
She's been irrelevant in politics and policy for years now, and rightly so. I can't believe she might get a chance to do her awfulness on a national stage.

The common thread here is that loyalty to Trump comes first. And if your merits are your loyalty, you can guess how much independent value you can deliver. All their actions will just be as mouthpieces for Trump. There's a consistent thread of anti-unity, bullying, anti-science and anti-expert.

100 days of Donald Trump

 It's no secret I want no part of this, but it's worth turning a more objective eye towards Donald Trump's proposed first 100 days in office. I'll roughly follow the article and take representative clips from it as prompts.

First, and perhaps most important, is Trump's relationship with all the establishment Republicans. Many have denounced him or at least refused to endorse him. On Wednesday, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell mostly made nice with Trump but also shot down or expressed little enthusiasm in some of his plans. There's some possibility, I think, that Congress breaks into 3 parties: Democrats, Trumpians, Republicans. Whether this happens or not will absolutely influence at least the next 2 years and possibly his whole presidency. A 3-party split could end up with more do-nothing, though it would come with a lot of finger pointing and I expect anyone up for re-election in 2 years would have a pretty rough time.

FIRST, propose a Constitutional Amendment to impose term limits on all members of Congress.
I don't hate this idea. In fact, I'd want the same. How many Senators and Representatives will willingly vote to give up their own power though? Starting here could help underpin a 3-party split.

SECOND, a hiring freeze on all federal employees to reduce federal workforce through attrition (exempting military, public safety, and public health)
Government jobs are notoriously safe and hard to be fired from. A hiring freeze, it seems to me, would serve to erode the incoming talent pool. I assume he includes You're Fired! in the attrition bucket, but I don't know how effective that is in this particular workforce. Or maybe it's intended to remove employees not aligned with the Trump direction.

THIRD, a requirement that for every new federal regulation, two existing regulations must be eliminated
Lol ... umm. I get where he's going with this, but this can't seriously become a requirement, can it? The long game is to de-regulate. But, regulations aren't just made for funzies, they are made to attempt to address issues. And just throwing them out for the sake of throwing them out seems unsustainable or will lead to weird workarounds, like condensing multiple regulations to combo regulations or whatever.

FOURTH, a 5 year-ban on White House and Congressional officials becoming lobbyists after they leave government service
FIFTH, a lifetime ban on White House officials lobbying on behalf of a foreign government
This seems fine. Will it work the other way too? Doesn't this seem at odds with how his team is already operating?

SIXTH, lift the Obama-Clinton roadblocks and allow vital energy infrastructure projects, like the Keystone Pipeline, to move forward
I will admit to being under-informed here. From a quick search it appears there's no serious environmental concern, so I assume the objections are more of the "we should be investing in sustainable sources" category. I do agree we should do more of that, but I don't have anything particularly smart to say about it.

SEVENTH, cancel billions in payments to U.N. climate change programs and use the money to fix America's water and environmental infrastructure
What is America's water and environmental infrastructure problem? Flint, MI had serious water issues, but that's a relatively one-off scenario. Environmental infrastructure problems seem to go right back to the climate change ... oh wait, that's a Chinese hoax.

To recap, a set of actions that are either impractical or downright harmful.
Trump also promised to take the following actions.

FIRST, cancel every unconstitutional executive action, memorandum and order issued by President Obama
I would assume unconstitutional ones would already not stick, so this seems like a non-statement. What this is really saying is he'll cancel every action, memo and order he doesn't agree with. But, calling them unconstitutional just panders to his base.

SECOND, begin the process of selecting a replacement for Justice Scalia from one of the 20 judges on my list, who will uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States
And he will. And the Republican congress will play along. The single good news is that it'll be largely status quo since Scalia was a very conservative.

THIRD, cancel all federal funding to Sanctuary Cities
This is interesting. He's essentially threatening sanctions against cities that don't get in line. Sanctuary cities instruct their police not to actively seek out the immigration status of people. And the major ones are all democratic, so this would be politically divisive and oppressive. Curiously, his new home town of Washington DC would be affected too; wouldn't that shut the city down? Many programs affecting at-risk populations would lose funding. Depending on how federal funding is defined, would it affect federal income tax deductions too? This amounts to bullying cities into submission by exercising federal power instead of letting local governments decide how best to run themselves (exactly what Republicans argue shouldn't happen). This is classic Trump.

FOURTH, begin removing the more than 2 million criminal illegal immigrants from the country and cancel visas to foreign countries that won't take them back
Criminal in the sense that they are illegally here AND committed a crime? This is already happening, about this many were deported under the Obama administration as well; after committing crimes. This is Trump trying to sound tough, but really just coasting down an already paved road.

FIFTH, suspend immigration from terror-prone regions where vetting cannot safely occur. All vetting of people coming into our country will be considered extreme vetting.
....except that how many problems in the USA were caused by such immigrants? It's tempting to say "don't let them in, just to be safe", but there are downstream consequences: bad foreign relations, resentment among those denied, a narrative that the USA is shirking responsibility for the destabilized Middle East, those people ending up in places where they're more likely to be influenced by extremists, and so on.

So he's "getting tough" by being a bully, and sounding like he's "getting tough" by doing stuff that's already the norm or is a scapegoat action.
He's also promised to work with Congress to do several things:

Middle Class Tax Relief And Simplification Act
I don't think the number of brackets is the reason our economy does or doesn't grow, but that seems like part of the simplifications. Dropping tax rates sounds great until the federal government has a lot less money. I guess this goes with the attrition in the government jobs, but the income hit happens a lot faster. This is the same plan that didn't pass evaluation by non-partisan think tanks. Also, Trump is famous for borrowing against too much optimism and then getting burned.

End The Offshoring Act
I wonder how this works for software....
This one seems to appeal to unions but go against the global grain. Tariffs are a protectionist concept, the argument against them is that the scope of trade can increase, and thus successful firms can be even more successful. I don't understand this enough, except to say it seems to go against what both political parties have pushed for 30 years.

American Energy & Infrastructure Act
So he's going to give tax incentives to companies so they can make more money that they are taxed on so the net tax revenue is zero? Seems like a losing proposition for the fed? This is a very vaguely worded entry, to the point that I can't really tell what it even means.

School Choice And Education Opportunity Act
I'm not sure how this is supposed to work. It almost sounds like families would be given money to help fund whatever choice they make? Or that anyone doing education would get federal support? Unless they are in a sanctuary city? Is this really just a way to let parents teach their kids whatever they want?

Repeal and Replace Obamacare Act
This one's already backpedaled. Trump realized there were parts of Obamacare that worked, and he said he liked those. It's almost like he wrote this list without a clue of what's actually in play today? There's also a point about cutting the red tape at the FDA. The whole point of the "red tape" is to make sure drugs are effective, safe and consistent. The process is perhaps even long by design, to give time for issues to pop up on something we're going to start giving to an entire population.

Affordable Childcare and Eldercare Act
This one I can get behind. Again, we have to figure out how the debt-accruing tax cuts are going to cover paying for it.

End Illegal Immigration Act
Writes a blank check on behalf of another country, spends our money if their citizens break our rules and makes laws in case employers go against their own economic incentives of hiring local.

Restoring Community Safety Act
Establishes more police, I guess? With more guns and more training? Or something?

Restoring National Security Act
Oh good, it mandates that we do things that we're already trying to do. Cuz without Trump, who would defend our cybers? And what the fuck, how do you expect to "ensure those who are admitted to our country support our people and our values"? And just what values are those? What the fucking fuck?

Clean up Corruption in Washington Act
Yeah, but at the same time exploring appointing ass-hats like Ben Carson to lead Education, Arpaio to lead Homeland Security, Giulani to be your Attorney General, ... and it goes on like this. I mean, blatant slanted cronyism. Maybe I don't know what corruption is?

There it is. Either he has no clue about stuff, or says things that are already happening, or blatantly lies about the intent of the outcome. Hooray. Is it 2020 yet?

So, now what ... ?

Just a ramble in the wake of the greatest con. I am convinced the future will confirm Trump to be a fantastic con man, skirting the edges of the law to leach assets from others.

Barring something truly bizarre, Trump will be our president for the next 4 years. If you’re like me, this is a sad occasion. We’ve elected a man whose platform was built on his business acumen, yet serious doubt remains about whether he’s built healthy businesses. He could have put all of it to rest by just releasing his taxes, but he didn’t. There are interesting nuggets suggesting strong ties to Russia as well. And he’s just an asshole, demeaning and marginalizing virtually every group that isn’t white, straight and male. Unity seems not to be his strong suit, and caring for people outside his immediate circle seems never to have been on his agenda. He says he will represent all Americans; that we should be united, but he’s shown zero tendency towards that. Ever. To make matters even more dire, the Senate and House remain majority Republican. A variety of economic, political, social and international issues are suddenly very much at risk of drastic change. While change is not inherently bad, the likely changes are more alarming than reassuring. Instead of trying to predict exactly what will happen, it’s better to look at potential broad arcs and consider how to recognize we’re on one and how to respond. The arcs can coexist, and I’ll break them apart into the listed buckets.


Social ramifications
The hallmark progress in the Obama administration was around LGBTQ rights. Marriage equality became federally protected. Same-sex couples could be married and enjoy the same family rights. Planned Parenthood came under vicious, unjust, attack from the right and lost a lot of funding and ability to operate due to regressive laws enacted by heavily red states. This hurts women and their right to choose; it also hurts women and their basic health. Let’s not forget that the vast majority of what Planned Parenthood does is NOT abortions. They fill a gap in low income basic health care that is limited not just to reproductive health, but also cancer screening.

In the meantime Justice Scalia unexpectedly died. Republicans refused to even vote on a compromise candidate offered by Obama despite vast majority agreement a year prior that Garland would be the kind of justice they would easily approve. It was a huge gambit that, now, has paid off. Had Hillary won, most likely an alternate, far more liberal, justice would be nominated. Now Trump gets to pick, and his runaway congress can rubberstamp his choice. Trump has pledged to pick someone who would be on the unfriendly side of choice; such a candidate is also likely to be anti LGBTQ marriage and family rights.

It will be readily apparent if we end up on this path. Unless something incredibly dramatic (like overturning Roe v Wade or outright making abortion illegal) happens, blue states will need to take point on ensuring these rights for their citizens. Democrats need to get their act together and make sure they succeed in electing Democrats in local elections. This will be a common trend, and something Democrats need to do a better job of across the board all the way up to congressional seats. Gerrymandering is an obstacle as well, so perhaps challenging the legality of the districting process is a good place to start?

Economic ramificationsTrump’s economic plan echoes his style: we’re the biggest kid on the block so we can beat trade partners into submission (“renegotiate the bad deals”). Since trading with us is desirable for other countries, they should bend over backwards for the ability to do so and we should profit. Who cares if we piss them off, because America. Fuck yeah. He’s also calling for a tax cut on the rich, which has been shown not to work. He’s spewed protectionist rhetoric as well, but did all these American companies become huge and successful because they were limited in the ways they could engage with the globe? Does manufacturing stuff we import from China lead to more money generated here?
Recognizing this is going to be a little harder. There will be macro-indicators like the health of large indices (Dow, S&P, Nasdaq, … ) and the national GDP, internal indicators like employment and poverty rates. However, all this stuff will take time to sort out. It can either go well, not well, or be a disaster. In the latter two cases, individuals are probably best off pulling out of the stock market. An extreme version would be to liquidate assets and move abroad, or at least move the assets abroad (though that may have some ugly tax tangles).

In the event of an economic downturn, it’s possible that certain parts of the country will hold up better (this has certainly been true, for example in the housing downturn). Sadly this will likely lead to people moving around more and causing even more pronounced separation between rich and poor, red and blue. Score a point against unity.

Political ramifications
This is the one which leaves me with the most hope, but also the most anxiety. In the run-up to the election, unprecedented numbers of heavyweight Republicans (including many members of Congress) did not endorse Trump. While both the Senate and House remain Republican, I predict (or hope at least) that those Republicans will have a hard split. This will create, at least briefly, a sort of 3-party system and prevent a runaway political machine. The numbers are particularly tight in the Senate, only a few Republicans need to cross the aisle or at least not stay in the groupthink. Senators are elected for 6 years, 2/3 of them can either outlast or last through Trump’s presidency. This might give them the courage to act.

Let’s remember that America was built on a system of checks and balances: legislative, executive and judicial can’t act alone, left and right balance each other as well. This is important because it IS how all of America gets representation. When the checks converge on the same side, they disappear. Balance is lost. Even if it were all the side I more agree with, it’d be a bad thing. My hope is that at least some Republicans recognize this and feel it’s their duty to make sure the very basis of the American model is not compromised.

If the party fractures, it will trigger major shifts. The Republican party knew it was in trouble in 2012 and didn’t act. It’s become conservative to the point of impracticality and it needs to change. The issue is not actually that they are hyper-right on all the things, but rather that all the members are aligned on all the things. This is unhealthy; diversity is far more resilient. We’ll see very quickly whether Congress gets in line or not. If they don’t, local elections are the only place to gather resistance until 2018 when we elect the House again and about a third of Senators. Each district and state needs to contribute to diversity to restore the health of the checks and balances.

International ramifications
This is perhaps the most volatile and longest-lasting area and there are so many places for it to go wrong with both allies and adversaries. Trump is on record opposing NATO, the longest, largest, military coexistence in history. Unity, remember? He wants to bomb the hell out of ISIS, which sounds great except that there’s not an ISIS base to bomb; they’re sprinkled throughout populated areas. There’s a lot of smoke around ties and loyalty to Russia, which seems concerning. He’s ignored the advice of non-partisan security experts about Russia’s role in hacking schemes. Why use the united strength of the experts when you can just go with your gut? There’s been some sabre-rattling with China that needs to be handled with care. North Korea is a looney toon; again care has to be taken to neither provoke or be provoked into something awful, or to be seen as stepping on China’s ally. Why take input from the united judgement of highly respected military leaders when you can just go with your gut? Other countries either don’t respect him or will outright look to exploit him.

Other ramifications
Trump repeatedly states that he will hire all the best people. His first announced appointment is slated to be a global warming skeptic to head up the EPA. This will lead to 4 more years of ignoring issues with fossil fuels. America will probably Drill Baby, Drill! We’ll have more oil-related accidents too. And we won’t invest in renewable energy. Depending on where we live, we can choose to invest in solar power and hybrid cars ourselves, but a federally supported program would have way bigger impact. In the meantime, we can look to companies to lead the way in showing that using clean energy or being carbon neutral can be a part of a sustainable, profitable venture. I’m sure there will be lots more questionable appointments.

The state of public discourse
Trump has also has a very sketchy relationship with the truth. Many say the same about Hillary, but I’d draw a serious distinction here. Hillary’s lies (to the degree you believe she’s lying) were mostly self-preserving: they were about keeping herself out of trouble. Trump lies about things that directly impact citizens, about how his policies will help those who support him. He has been given the highest office in the land despite proving nothing about his own competence for the job. Clinton can point to her public service track record which is on public record. We can each go and decide if we like what she’s done. Trump points to a black box and says “trust me, I’m great and do great things.” He’s unwilling to put any facts into the public domain. Is he as rich as he says? Are his businesses healthy and sustainable? Does he have deep personal financial ties to Russia? Or has he just swindled everyone along the way, perhaps on the fringes or legality, and gotten rich at everyone else’s expense. It certainly would be consistent with his attitudes on international trade agreements, penchant for lawsuits and bullying contracted companies into taking less money than agreed upon. All this matters because he’s explicitly used his business acumen to support his credibility as a potential president. He unapologetically lied about everything and it didn’t seem to matter. He’s made it legit to conduct a presidential primary and race in this manner. He’s gone so far outside the bounds of decorum that I’m not sure we get to come back for a while.

Discussion has been reduced to threats, unproven claims and blatant lies. In the end, I think he’ll be revealed as a con man, and con men aren’t usually interested in helping the people they took advantage of along the way. They have no qualms about acting like this as long as they get ahead.